Nightmares are generally more emotionally intense than 
bad dreams and is usually how they are distinguished is that a nightmare will cause the person directly to awaken because of the nature of the unpleasant 
images or the intensity of the emotions.  Here are some ins and outs of 'nightmares':-
 
- Men tend to dream of natural disasters while women dream of relationship troubles in nightmares.
 - Nightmares are relatively common and in most cases a healthy psychological experience.
 - Recurrent nightmares can be a sign of post-traumatic stress disorder or some other psychiatric health issue, but in most cases they are unrelated to mental illness.
 - Nightmares can give rise to a number of other negative emotions, including helplessness, despair, guilt and anger, allowing the mind to process these feelings as well.
 - The most common nightmare themes include insects and vermin, falling, being chased, death of family and friends, interpersonal conflict and violence, feeling an 'evil presence' and health-related concerns.
 - All dreams carry information about sub-conscious (and often sex-related) desired and fears. Disasters turned out to be a common nightmare theme.
 - Men are more likely to dream of catastrophe and men tend to have war and terriorism show up more often in their dreams.
 - The biggest problem with nightmares is usually that they can impair sleep quality and cause next-day drowsiness.
 - When nightmares are frequent and severe, the individual may suffer from nightmare disorder, which is a type of 'parasomnia'.
 - Other forms of 'parasomnia include sleep terrors, causing the person to sit up and cry out or to attempt to escape from the room, while still asleep.
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